Senusret III was a pharaoh of Twelfth Dynasty who ruled Egypt at the height of the Middle Kingdom. This fragmentation marked the decline into the Second Intermediate Period. It eventually stabilized somewhat, but by this point Egypt was beginning to fracture again, with local rulers arising in Xois and the Hyksos taking over in Avaris. The Thirteenth Dynasty was thus inaugurated by about a decade of civil strife. Sobekneferu reigned for only four years and then died heirless, bringing about the end of the Twelfth Dynasty.
Senusret III also led the first Egyptian military campaign against the Levant, although Egypt's relations with the Near East were mostly commercial during this period.īy the time of Amenemhat IV, the crown's power was beginning to wane this process was accelerated when Amenemhat IV was succeeded by Sobekneferu, the first reliably attested female king of Egypt. Senusret I and Senusret III were the most active pharaohs in campaigning against Nubia both of them extended Egypt's southern border, and built several large forts to bolster their claim. In terms of foreign relations, the Middle Kingdom pharaohs made numerous military excursions into Nubia. This process would be furthered by an administrative reorganization carried out by Senusret III. However, Senusret I began the process of centralizing power, appointing nomarchs himself and installing royal constructions at religious centers. Amenemhat and the subsequent Twelfth Dynasty rulers would keep a strong hand over Egypt, by maintaining large standing armies and building a secondary capital - Itjtawy - in the north however, the nomarchs still enjoyed a fair amount of power. It is certain that his successor, Amenemhat I, was not of royal birth himself. The final Eleventh Dynasty king, Mentuhotep IV, goes unattested in most king-lists, perhaps indicating that he was violently overthrown. Thus, Egypt came to be reunified, ushering in the Middle Kingdom period. Mentuhotep II, one pharaoh of the Eleventh Dynasty, took advantage of a revolt in Lower Egypt to invade the Tenth-Dynasty land over the ensuing years, he captured Heracleopolis and subdued the entirety of Lower Egypt. However, these gradually consolidated into two factions - the Tenth Dynasty based in Heracleopolis, and the Eleventh Dynasty based in Thebes. +1 Great Engineer point.The Middle Kingdom was the second of the three "Golden Ages" of pharaonic Egypt it was distinguished by the centralization and expansion of the Egyptian realm, as well as a high artistic standard and the composition of much classic Egyptian literature.ĭuring the First Intermediate Period, Egypt was ruled by countless regional nobles called nomarchs.
+3 Production, this bonus increases to +5 Production if this district has a Worship Building.
Required to purchase Apostles and Inquisitors with Faith. Receives +7 Combat Strength when fighting in or next to home territory.Ī building unique to Ethiopia replacing the Temple. City Centers receive a Standard Faith bonus for each adjacent Hill and Mountain.Įthiopian unique Medieval era melee unit that can counter Cavalry units. May purchase Settlers, Builders, and Traders with Faith. As one of the few African nations to avoid the colonial ambitions of Europe, Ethiopia maintained its sovereignty into the 21st century, only briefly coming under Italian occupation for 8 years during WWII and its prelude. Home to ancient empires dating back to the waning centuries of the first millennium BC, Ethiopia has a storied history driven by the rule of great kings and emperors.
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